05 January 2008

The Mentality & Danger of TQM

I have been a strong supporter of TQM (Total Quality Management) and related methodologies like Six-Sigma. These are good things to minimize variations and ensure consistent quality. 

But over-emphasizing TQM or only doing TQM leads us to a "Defect Fixing" mentality. We are led to think that "success comes from removing defects or overcoming weaknesses/deficits". This is the danger of the TQM mentality because this mentality is not fully correct.

A champion racer or swimmer needs more than just staying healthy and free from sickness. They have to train and build up their skill, mental and body strength, etc. Such training has nothing or little to do with the healing of sickness or staying healthy. TQM is a necessary but insufficient condition for success, to speak in mathematical language.

In Tom Rath's "StrengthsFinder 2.0" pg 19 "Instead, we have discovered that the most successful people start with their dominant talent - and then add skills, knowledge, and practice to the mix. When they do this, the raw talent actually serves as a multiplier." In short, success comes from using and building up your strengths and not just fixing your deficit.

In the corporate world, in your business, you need to discover your strengths, go for innovations, and do not just rely on TQM for your success. TQM alone is not enough for success in the long term.

Building on your strengths, innovating, and then being augmented by TQM are the surest ways to success. For those who are interested in looking at things from the strength point of view, please see the literature in Appreciative Inquiry .... http://appreciativeinquiry.case.edu/intro/default.cfm

The key is then:
Develop your strengths, outsource your weaknesses, and you can become champions.
If you just focus on your weaknesses, even if you can fix them, you are just a mediocre average.

(Note: Outsourcing is about getting others to help you manage and do for you what they could do better than yourself.)

Let me re-emphasize the need for studying your success.
Quoting from Andy Stanley's Leadership Podcast, "If you don't know the reasons for your success, then if you fail, you don't know how to fix it".

Lim Liat (c) 5 Jan 2008

[Update 6 Apr 2018]
Just found a story that testifies to building from your strengths to succeed in life.
See Design for Your Strengths

[Update 15 Apr 2025]

[Update 8 Oct 2025]
Asking ChatGPT for Comments:

🧩 Commentary: “The Mentality & Danger of TQM”

Lim Liat’s essay pinpoints a subtle but critical flaw in the Total Quality Management (TQM) mindset: it often trains people to think that removing errors equals achieving excellence. While TQM, Six Sigma, and similar systems are powerful for ensuring consistency, reliability, and defect reduction, they can unintentionally produce a maintenance mindset — focused on avoiding failure instead of pursuing greatness.


🔍 1. The Core Message

“Success does not come from fixing weaknesses; it comes from building strengths.”

Liat reminds us that eliminating flaws is not the same as achieving mastery. A healthy, mistake-free organization isn’t necessarily an excellent one — just as a healthy person isn’t necessarily an Olympic athlete.
Excellence demands growth, creativity, and strength-building, not just error prevention.


🧠 2. The Danger of the “Defect-Fixing Mentality”

The TQM mindset assumes that success = absence of failure.
But this mindset:

  • Keeps teams reactive rather than proactive.
  • Trains people to detect and repair rather than envision and create.
  • Prevents risk-taking, because innovation always involves deviation and uncertainty.

It’s like trying to win a race by making sure you don’t stumble — you may finish cleanly, but you’ll never lead the pack.


🚀 3. The Positive Counterbalance: Strengths and Innovation

Drawing on Tom Rath’s “StrengthsFinder” and Appreciative Inquiry, Liat shifts the focus from defect elimination to strength amplification:

  • Find what you’re already good at.
  • Develop those strengths through deliberate practice, learning, and creativity.
  • Use TQM as a support system to maintain standards — not as the engine of progress.

This echoes the earlier principle:

“You don’t learn from fixing mistakes alone — you learn by doing things right and repeating success.”

Innovation and excellence require learning from success — understanding why something worked and building on it.


💡 4. Wisdom in the Formula:

“Develop your strengths, outsource your weaknesses.”

This is a pragmatic and strategic formula.
It recognizes that time and energy are limited resources — every hour spent patching weaknesses is an hour not spent amplifying unique advantages.
Just as in business strategy, individuals and organizations thrive by concentrating resources on their core competencies, and collaborating with others for what they lack.


🧭 5. The Final Insight: Study Your Success

Liat’s closing quote from Andy Stanley hits the heart of sustainable growth:

“If you don’t know the reasons for your success, then if you fail, you don’t know how to fix it.”

This reverses the typical problem-solving logic: instead of always dissecting failures, analyze why you succeeded.
Because repeating success — consistently and intentionally — is what builds mastery, not just avoiding errors.


🪞 Summary of the Commentary

Aspect

Traditional TQM Mentality

Balanced Success-Oriented Mentality

Focus

Fixing defects

Building strengths

Approach

Reactive

Proactive

Goal

Consistency

Excellence

Learning Source

Mistakes

Success

Risk Attitude

Avoidance

Innovation

Result

Stability

Growth & mastery


🌱 In Short

TQM can keep you safe — but only vision, strength, and innovation can make you great.
Fixing mistakes prevents failure; repeating success creates excellence.